<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
 * Scilab ( https://www.scilab.org/ ) - This file is part of Scilab
 * Copyright (C) XXXX-2008 - INRIA
 * Copyright (C) 2012 - 2016 - Scilab Enterprises
 * Copyright (C) 2018 - Samuel GOUGEON
 *
 * This file is hereby licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL v2.0,
 * pursuant to article 5.3.4 of the CeCILL v.2.1.
 * This file was originally licensed under the terms of the CeCILL v2.1,
 * and continues to be available under such terms.
 * For more information, see the COPYING file which you should have received
 * along with this program.
 *
 -->
<refentry xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
        xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:ns4="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
        xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:db="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
        xmlns:scilab="http://www.scilab.org" xml:id="save" xml:lang="en">
    <refnamediv>
        <refname>save</refname>
        <refpurpose>Saves some chosen variables in a binary data file
        </refpurpose>
    </refnamediv>
    <refsynopsisdiv>
        <title>Syntax</title>
        <synopsis>
            save(filename)
            save(filename, x1, x2,...,xn)
            save(filename, variables)
            save(filename, "-append", ..)
            save(.., "-append")
        </synopsis>
    </refsynopsisdiv>
    <refsection>
        <title>Arguments</title>
        <variablelist>
            <varlistentry>
                <term>filename</term>
                <listitem>
                    <para>Character string containing the path of the file.</para>
                </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
                <term>xi</term>
                <listitem>
                    <para>
                        Names (as strings) of Scilab variables to be saved. Objects returned by
                        expressions -- like gcf() -- can't be directly saved. They must be
                        explicitly named: <literal>f = gcf(); save(filename, "f")</literal>.
                    </para>
                </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
                <term>variables</term>
                <listitem>
                    <para>
                        A matrix of strings containing the names of Scilab variables to be saved,
                      e.g. <literal>["x1", "x2", ..., "xn"]</literal>
                    </para>
                </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
    </refsection>
    <refsection>
        <title>Description</title>
        <para>
            <literal>save(filename)</literal> saves in the file defined by <literal>filename</literal>
            <emphasis>all</emphasis> Scilab variables defined by the user, and reachable at the
            current level.
        </para>
        <note>
            <itemizedlist>
                <listitem>
                    <para>
                        When some global variables are defined, only their local counterparts
                        -- if any -- can be saved. Hence, the "global status" is never saved.
                    </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para>
                        If a variable is a graphic handle, <literal>save(..)</literal> records all
                        the corresponding <emphasis>descending</emphasis>
                        <link linkend="graphics_entities">graphical entity</link> definition,
                        including its existing children -- if any.
                    </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para>
                        Saving a XML pointer is possible but does not save the pointed object. If in
                        the meantime the XML object is deleted, restoring its pointer won't restore
                        the object. Please see the dedicated example.
                    </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para>
                        TCL variables defined from Scilab can't be saved. Only their counterparts in Scilab -- if any -- can be considered.
                    </para>
                </listitem>
                <listitem>
                    <para>
                        Scilab save/load functions use the Scilab Open Data (SOD) binary format,
                        based on the HDF-5 storage format. The SOD format is described
                        <link linkend="save_format">there</link>. Scilab binary data files can be read
                        and handled through external HDF-5 libraries or applications.
                    </para>
                </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
        </note>
        <para>
            When only some variables chosen among all defined ones must be saved, their names must
            be listed after the filename, as in <literal>save(filename,"x","y")</literal>. If one
            indicated variable is not defined, the file is not created or overwritten and an error
            is yielded.
        </para>
        <para>
            The <literal>"-append"</literal> keyword can be used in option at any place after
            the <varname>filename</varname>. Then, listed variables are appended to the existing
            file. If some listed variables already exist in the file, their stored values are updated.
        </para>
        <para>
            Saved variables can be reloaded by the
            <literal>
                <link linkend="load">load</link>
            </literal>
            command.
        </para>
        <note>
            The archives files generated with save() are portable to other operating systems and
            architectures (little and big endian automatically handled).
        </note>
        <warning>
            Built-in functions and implicit lists (like 10:2:$) can't be saved.
        </warning>
    </refsection>
    <refsection>
        <title>Examples</title>
        <para>
            With homogeneous arrays of simple data types:
        </para>
        <programlisting role="example"><![CDATA[
// For each created object, we make a current copy for comparison after restoring.
b = [%t %f %f];          bc = b;  // Booleans
i = int8([0 -17 38 ]);   ic = i;  // Encoded integers
d = [%pi %e %inf %i];    dc = d;  // Decimal numbers (real or complex numbers)
p = (1-%z)^[1 2];        pc = p;  // Polynomials (real or complex coefficients)
r = %z./(1-%z)^[1 2];    rc = r;  // Rationals (real or complex coefficients)
t = ["Sci" "‫البرمجیات‬"];    tc = t;  // Texts
sp = sprand(4,10,0.1);  spc = sp; // Sparse matrix of numbers
spb = sp < 0.5;        spbc = spb;// Sparse matrix of boolean numbers

path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
save(path, "b","i","d","p","r","t","sp","spb")
clear b i d p r t sp spb
isdef(["b" "i" "d" "p" "r" "t" "sp" "spb"],"l")
listvarinfile(path);
load(path);
isdef(["b" "i" "d" "p" "r" "t" "sp" "spb"],"l")
[b==bc, i==ic, d==dc, t==tc, p==pc, r==rc, and(sp==spc), and(spb==spbc)]
    ]]></programlisting>
        <screen><![CDATA[
--> path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
--> save(path, "b","i","d","p","r","t","sp","spb")
--> clear b i d p r t sp spb
--> isdef(["b" "i" "d" "p" "r" "t" "sp" "spb"],"l")
 ans  =
  F F F F F F F F

--> listvarinfile(path);
Name                     Type           Size            Bytes
-------------------------------------------------------------
b                        boolean        1 by 3          12
d                        double         1 by 4          64
i                        integer        1 by 3          3
p                        polynomial     1 by 2          40
r                        tlist          4               108
sp                       sparse         4 by 10         76
spb                      boolean sparse 4 by 10         160
t                        string         1 by 2          108

--> load(path);
--> isdef(["b" "i" "d" "p" "r" "t" "sp" "spb"],"l")
 ans  =
  T T T T T T T T

--> [b==bc, i==ic, d==dc, t==tc, p==pc, r==rc, and(sp==spc), and(spb==spbc)]
ans  =
  T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
]]></screen>
        <para>
            With a user-defined macro:
        </para>
        <programlisting role="example"><![CDATA[
path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
function myTest(), disp("User-defined macros can be saved"), endfunction
save(path, "myTest")
clear myTest
listvarinfile(path);
load(path);
myTest()
    ]]></programlisting>
        <screen><![CDATA[
--> clear myTest
--> listvarinfile(path);
Name                     Type           Size            Bytes
-------------------------------------------------------------
myTest                   macro          1 by 1          0

--> load(path);
--> myTest()
 User-defined macros can be saved
]]></screen>
        <para>
            With (nested) heterogeneous containers:
        </para>
        <programlisting role="example"><![CDATA[
// lists
L = list(%pi,%t,%s^2,"abc",{"Scilab" 2},list(%e,%z/(1-%z))); Lc = L;
// cells arrays
c = {%pi, %t ; %s^2, "abc"};  cc = c;
// array of structures
s = struct("n",%i+1, "p",(1+%z)^3, "L",L, "c",c); sc = s;

path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
save(path, "L", "c", "s")
clear L c s
isdef(["L" "c" "s"], "l")
listvarinfile(path);
load(path);
[isequal(L,Lc) isequal(c,cc) isequal(s,sc)]
    ]]></programlisting>
        <screen><![CDATA[
--> isdef(["L" "c" "s"], "l")
 ans  =
  F F F

--> listvarinfile(path);
Name                     Type           Size            Bytes
-------------------------------------------------------------
L                        list           6               156
c                        cell           2 by 2          48
s                        struct         2 by 2          864

--> load(path);
--> [isequal(L,Lc) isequal(c,cc) isequal(s,sc)]
 ans  =
  F F F
]]></screen>
        <para>
            With some graphic handles:
        </para>
        <programlisting role="example"><![CDATA[
clf reset
subplot(1,2,1), param3d()
subplot(1,2,2), plot2d4(), xtitle("plot2d4()"); a = gca();
path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
save(path, "a");       // We save only the right axes (plot2d4)
clf reset, clear a
xload(path);           // The right axes is restored and rendered
gcf().axes_size = [700 300];
    ]]></programlisting>
        <scilab:image>
            subplot(1,2,1), param3d()
            subplot(1,2,2), plot2d4(), xtitle("plot2d4()"); a = gca();
            path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
            save(path, "a");       // We save only the right axes (bar3d)
            clf reset, clear a
            xload(path);           // The right axes is restored and rendered
            gcf().axes_size = [700 300];
        </scilab:image>
        <para>
            With a global variable:
        </para>
        <programlisting role="example"><![CDATA[
path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
clear a
global a, a = 1.234;
isglobal a
save(path, "a")
clear a, clearglobal a
load(path); a
isglobal("a")   // The global attribute was not saved and so is not restored
    ]]></programlisting>
        <screen><![CDATA[
--> isglobal a
 ans  =
  T
--> save(path, "a")
--> clear a, clearglobal a
--> load(path); a
 a  =
   1.234
--> isglobal("a")
 ans  =
  F
]]></screen>
        <para>
            With a XML pointer:
        </para>
        <programlisting role="example"><![CDATA[
path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
doc = xmlReadStr("<root><b>Hello</b></root>");
save(path, "doc")
clear doc             // This does not delete the document
load(path); doc       // We restore the saved pointer to the document. It is still valid.
// Let's delete both the document and the pointer to it:
xmlDelete(doc), clear doc
load(path);           // We restore the saved pointer (to the unexisting document)
isdef("doc","l")        // The pointer is restored...
xmlIsValidObject doc  //  but not the pointed document
    ]]></programlisting>
        <screen><![CDATA[
--> path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
--> doc = xmlReadStr("<root><b>Hello</b></root>");
--> save(path, "doc")
--> clear doc
--> load(path); doc
 doc  =
XML Document
url: Undefined
root: XML Element

--> xmlDelete(doc), clear doc
--> load(path)
--> isdef("doc","l")
 ans  =
  T
 doc  =
--> xmlIsValidObject doc
 ans  =
  F
]]></screen>
        <para>
            With the "-append" option:
        </para>
        <programlisting role="example"><![CDATA[
a = 1; b = %t;
path = TMPDIR + "/test.dat";
save(path, "a", "b");
listvarinfile(path);
a = [%e %pi];
c = %i;
save(path, "a", "c", "-append");
listvarinfile(path);
clear a
load(path, "a"); a
    ]]></programlisting>
        <screen><![CDATA[
--> save(path, "a", "b");
--> listvarinfile(path);
Name                     Type           Size            Bytes
-------------------------------------------------------------
a                        double         1 by 1          8
b                        boolean        1 by 1          4

--> a = [%e %pi];
--> c = %i;
--> save(path, "a", "c", "-append");
--> listvarinfile(path);
Name                     Type           Size            Bytes
-------------------------------------------------------------
a                        double         1 by 2          16
b                        boolean        1 by 1          4
c                        double         1 by 1          16

--> clear a
--> load(path, "a"); a    // has been updated
 a  =
   2.7182818   3.1415927
]]></screen>
    </refsection>
    <refsection role="see also">
        <title>See also</title>
        <simplelist type="inline">
            <member>
                <link linkend="load">load</link>
            </member>
            <member>
                <link linkend="save_format">save_format</link>
            </member>
            <member>
                <link linkend="savematfile">savematfile</link>
            </member>
            <member>
                <link linkend="xsave">xsave</link>
            </member>
            <member>
                <link linkend="saveGui">saveGui</link>
            </member>
            <member>
                <link linkend="write">write</link>
            </member>
        </simplelist>
    </refsection>
    <refsection>
        <title>History</title>
        <revhistory>
            <revision>
                <revnumber>5.0.0</revnumber>
                <revremark>
                    All <link linkend="uimenu">uimenu</link> or
                    <link linkend="uicontrol">uicontrol</link> handles are also saved by this function.
                </revremark>
            </revision>
            <revision>
                <revnumber>5.4.0</revnumber>
                <revdescription>
                    <itemizedlist>
                        <listitem>
                            When called with variables names (character string) as input, variables
                            are saved in SOD format (HDF5-based).
                        </listitem>
                        <listitem>
                            The Scilab &lt;5.4 binary data format is deprecated.
                        </listitem>
                        <listitem>
                            Using save() with a file descriptor as first input argument is deprecated.
                        </listitem>
                    </itemizedlist>
                </revdescription>
            </revision>
            <revision>
                <revnumber>6.0</revnumber>
                <revremark>
                    <itemizedlist>
                        <listitem>
                            save() no longer supports the old Scilab &lt;5.4 data format.
                        </listitem>
                        <listitem>
                            The syntaxes save(fid) and save(fid, x1,..) with a file id are no longer
                            supported.
                        </listitem>
                        <listitem>
                            Lists with undefined components can now be saved.
                        </listitem>
                    </itemizedlist>
                </revremark>
            </revision>
            <revision>
                <revnumber>6.0.2</revnumber>
                <revremark>
                   The names of variables to be saved can now be provided in a vector.
                </revremark>
            </revision>
        </revhistory>
    </refsection>
</refentry>
